Starting Your Business By The Book

I've gotten several questions recently about thehe can spin it off into a separate entity.
legalities of starting a business. So, this week IWill a corporation protect me from liability? It can, if
thought I would address a few of the more commonhandled correctly. You may have heard about the
legal issues most new businesses face. But first, let's"corporate veil," which means that you can't be sued
get the mandatory legal disclaimer out of the way:personally for anything that happens in the
the advice dispensed by this columnist is probably nocorporation and your personal assets can't be
better or worse than the advice dispensed by otherattacked by creditors or a lawsuit on the corporation.
columnists. Do not take the following advice asBut in order to have this protection, you must act
gospel or bet the future of your business on anylike a corporation. This means conducting board
advice given herein by said columnist.meetings, taking notes and publishing minutes in your
Agreed? Good, let's proceed.corporate book.
To begin, here's the best legal advice I can give youIn addition, be sure to have a separate corporate
as a new business person: find yourself a goodchecking account and, if you need them, corporate
lawyer and make him or her your very best friend.credit cards. Don't use corporate money for personal
Granted, your new best friend will charge you anpurchases, and vice versa (unless you file an expense
hourly fee for chatting on the phone or talkingreport). Many people think they don't need to go to
business over lunch, but you'll find it to be money wellall this trouble if there is just one or two people in
spent. A good attorney can save you far more thanthe company, but in order to be treated like a
the cost of his services. I rarely make any decisioncorporation, you must act like one. Your attorney can
that has the potential to impact my business withoutgive you more details.
first consulting my attorney.How do I register my company name? To register
You can locate an attorney through legal referralyour company name simply contact the office of the
services or just by opening the phone book, but theSecretary of State. This is easily done by phone. The
best way to find a really good attorney is to askregistrar will tell you if the name you have in mind is
other business owners for references.available as a corporate name and will reserve the
You want an attorney who specializes in businessname for you if it is available. You will be sent a form
matters. A few of the things you may need legalto complete and submit with a nominal fee. For more
help with are: legal business formation, articles ofinformation you can also visit the Secretary of
incorporation, trademarks and copyrights, investmentState's website.
documents, employee policies, etc. You may find thatDo I need a business license? Nearly every business
a single attorney can't meet all your needs, but if youwill require a county or city license. Luckily, such
use a larger firm they will have attorneys on stafflicenses are relatively easy to obtain and are not
that can provide the specialized services you require.expensive. For local licensing requirements, contact
Now, let's take a brief look at a few questions I'veyour city or county government offices.
received regarding the legalities of starting a newSome businesses might also require a state license.
business.For example, hair stylists, contractors and most
What's a DBA? "DBA" stands for "doing business as."businesses serving food fall under the purview of the
A DBA is another name that you use in the operationstate licensing board. Each state has an agency that
of your business other than the legal name. Fordeals with these types of businesses. Contact your
example, "Jones, Inc." might be the legal corporatelocal government offices to see if your particular
name of your business, but you might use "Bobbusiness requires a state license.
Jones Landscaping" as the everyday business name.Some businesses will even require federal licensing.
In this case, you would see the business described inExamples of such businesses would be those that
legal context as "Jones, Inc. Doing Business As Bobprovide investment advice or that deal with firearms.
Jones Landscaping."Federal licensing is typically required for businesses
Here's an example of using a DBA to launch a newthat are highly regulated by the government.
venture within an existing business. A reader asked:I operate my business out of my home. Do I still
"My wife incorporated a multimedia business threeneed a license? Operating a business out of your
years ago, and I am starting a voice-over business. Ishome does not get you off the hook when it comes
it more beneficial for me to open as a soleto licensing. You should check local zoning
proprietorship or to operate within her multimediarequirements and property covenants. You can find
business?"this information at the court house or by calling your
My answer was that he should open his company aslocal license department. Home businesses are also
a division of his wife's business, operating as a DBA.subject to zoning laws that regulate how property
Even though he is using his own business name (thecan be used and may restrict various activities.
DBA), technically his wife's corporation is launching theThis is just a sampling of the legal issues that must
service and therefore will give him some liabilitybe addressed by every new business owner. To
protection. Doing so would also help him save onlearn more, take your favorite lawyer to lunch.
start-up costs (such as having to pay for a separateJust be prepared to pick up the tab.
incorporation). It's relatively simple to keep a separateHere's to your success.
set of books, and when the new business takes off,