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Installing Drywall: Mudding and Taping

Installing Drywall, or hanging drywall as corner bead should be applied to all
the professionals usually refer to the outside edges. Corner bead should be
task, can be done by the homeowner. nailed every 6-8 inches and penetrate the
However, it is usually best done with two framing.
or more people as it requires significant Taping and Mudding
lifting of heavy material. Mudding and Again start with the ceiling. Apply a
Taping can also be performed by the skim coat of joint compound over the
homeowner, however these tasks require surface of a seam using a 6" wide taping
some practice and artistry. knife. If the seam is wide, apply a
Measuring and Ordering Drywall liberal amount of joint compound to fill
Prior to actually hanging the drywall, it. While the Joint compound is still
the material first needs to be ordered wet, apply the fiberglass tape over the
and delivered. To determine how much skim coat of Joint Compound. Make sure
material to order, measure all of the the seam is centered under the tape. Once
surface area, starting with the ceilings the tape has been installed, apply
and then the walls. Calculate the total additional Joint Compound over the tape,
square feet and divide by 32. The result again using the 6" wide taping knife.
should give you the number of 4'x 8' Continue this for all of the seams. Note:
sheets of drywall required for the job. I the tape will still be visible.
would also recommend adding another 5-10% Additional coats will eventually hide it.
to this figure to account for The inside corners are usually the most
inefficiencies. Drywall does come in tricky and require practice. Patience is
larger sheets, such as 4'x12', however the best advice and note that additional
for a Do-it-Yourself homeowner these coats will be applied later to smooth out
larger sheets can become unwieldy and any imperfections.
maybe even impossible to bring into the Once the seams are done, using the 6"
existing home. wide taping knife, apply mud to all of
For bathrooms or other moist areas the screw/nail dimples. A skim coat is
Greenboard should probably be used as all that is initially required.
this material is moisture resistance. Note: When applying the mud over the tape
For bathroom areas where ceramic tile is and screw/nail dimples, make sure all
to be applied, e.g. Shower/Bathtub areas, excess material and uneven patches are
Concrete board should be used. The smoothed down with the blade. This will
concrete board is also referred to as reduce sanding later.
Wonderboard or Durock. Once the ceiling is done, you can move on
Joint Compound and Fiberglass tape will to the walls. Repeat the same process,
also be required for Taping and Mudding. however with the outside corners just
Joint Compound typically comes apply a liberal coat of joint compound to
ready-mixed in 5 gallon containers. I the valley that is formed by the corner
would suggest 1-2 containers per 500 bead. This valley typically represents
square feet of drywall. Fiberglass tape the first 3 or 4 inches from the edge of
is quite inexpensive so I would suggest the corner.
picking up 2 to 3 roles for most Once the first coat has been applied let
Do-it-Yourself drywall projects. it sit overnight or until it is dry,
Drywall screws or ringed nails will also prior to starting the second application
be required. Typically I use 1.25" length of Joint compound. Make sure to
screws or nails. Also, strips of corner completely clean off the taping knife,
bead will be required. the mud easel and any other containers or
Drywall Tools instruments that have mud on them prior
Prior to starting drywall installation, to finishing up for the day.
you need to obtain the proper tools. A Applying the Second Coat of Mud
Drywall Lift really comes in handy when After the first coat has thoroughly
hanging sheetrock/drywall on the dried, it is now time to apply the second
ceilings. You can rent Drywall Lifts at coat of mud. It is this coat that should
hardware or home improvement stores. If hide the tape.
your budget does not allow for this cost, Again, start with the ceiling. Using the
Jacks (or Ts) can be made out of 2"x 4"s. wider taping knife apply a generous
The Jacks (or Ts) should be of a length amount of joint compound over the taped
such that they are just an inch or two seams as you want to build up the area
taller than the height of the ceiling and over the tape. Taking large strokes
have a cross beam that is approximately smooth the joint compound over the tape
3' in width. Usually there are a couple applying more pressure to the side of the
of 45o angle braces connecting the taping knife further away from the tape.
crossbar to the main stem of the Jack. This will help to leave more mud over the
The Jack can then be used to hold up the tape. When complete, the mud should cover
drywall to the ceiling while it is an area that extends beyond the width of
screwed/nailed into place. the tape by 2 to 3 inches.
In addition to the Lift or Jacks, a After the seams have all been completed,
drywall screw gun, hammer, T-square, apply a second coat of mud over the screw
carpenters knife, drywall saw and a nail dimples. With this second coat,
keyhole saw are required. The keyhole saw flare out the mud over the dimples such
is used for cutting around electrical that the diameter of the mudded area is
boxes. about 3-4 inches in diameter.
If mudding and taping are to be performed For the inside corners a Corner knife may
then Taping knifes, a Corner knife, sand come in handy. Corners involve a little
paper, a pole sander and a Mud easel or artistry so again take your time. Apply a
pan will be necessary. For the taping generous amount of joint compound and
knifes you will need a 6" wide blade and then run the Corner knife down the corner
a 12" wide blade. starting from the top. Take long, even
Preparing the site for Drywall strokes. A 6" taping knife may also be
Prior to hanging the drywall, make sure helpful to smooth out any imperfections.
the building inspector has first approved For the outside corners, using the broad
the Framing, Plumbing, Electrical and taping knife apply a generous amount of
Insulation jobs. Secondly, a vapor joint compound and flare out the material
barrier should be applied over the such that it extends out 6 inches or so
insulation on the outside walls if from the corner. Again, apply more
un-faced insulation was installed. pressure to the blade side that is
Frequently sheets of plastic are used for further away from the corner so that you
creating the vapor barrier. The plastic leave more mud nearer the outside corner.
is simply stapled to the framing, Once the second coat has been applied let
covering the insulation. it sit overnight or until it is dry,
Finally, inspect all of the framing prior to starting the final application
carefully. Ensure that nailers (e.g. 2" x of Joint compound. Make sure to
4"s) are existent at each corner and completely clean off the taping knife,
header, that the framing is straight, and the mud easel and any other containers or
that the framed walls create smooth instruments that have mud on them prior
planes. In addition, the ceiling should to finishing up for the day.
have strapping applied (1" x 3" cross Applying the Final Coat of Mud
boards). Also, make sure metal protection After the first coat has thoroughly
plates have been installed to studding dried, it is now time to apply the final
where sheetrock screws or nails could coat of mud. It is this coat that
inadvertently penetrate plumbing pipes or requires the most artistry and the least
electrical wire. amount of joint compound. Here you are
Safety simply applying a final skim coat to the
Drywall installation is dirty, heavy already mudded areas.
work. The Gypsum in drywall can be Prior to applying the skim coat it is
irritating to the eyes, lungs and sinuses best to take your wide taping blade and
so wear safety goggles and masks to avoid lightly pass over the mudded surfaces.
breathing in the material. Gloves are This will remove any bumps or ridges.
also recommended to protect against sharp Again start with the ceiling seams and
blades. apply a small amount of joint compound
Installing Drywall using the broad taping knife. Again
Start with the ceiling as this will allow continue to flare out the seam by
the sheets on the walls to help hold the extending the mudded area such that about
sheets on the ceiling. Use the Drywall 6 inches resides on each side of the now
lift or Jacks to hold the sheets in place invisible tape. Remember this is a skim
while screwing or nailing them to the coat so little mud is required. The
ceiling. The screws or nails should be purpose of this coat is to effectively
installed such that they are slightly fill in any lines or recessed areas.
recessed and create a small dimple After the seams have all been completed,
without breaking the paper. Screws or apply a final coat of mud over the screw
nails should be applied every 8 to 12 nail dimples. With this second coat,
inches on each stud. Screws are typically flare out the mud over the dimples such
stronger and can be placed further apart, that the diameter of the mudded area is
e.g. 12 inches. It is best to fasten the about 6-8 inches in diameter.
screws/nails to the edges of the drywall For the corners use the broad taping
first and then fill in the field knife and add just enough mud such that
afterwards. you can flare out the mudded surface area
Rows of drywall should be applied in a to about 8-12 inches, taking care to
staggered pattern. This will create an filling in any lines or dimples.
interlocked pattern that creates a Once the final coat has been applied let
tighter and stronger ceiling/wall. it rest overnight or until it is dry,
After the ceiling has been completed it Sanding
its time to move on to the walls. Drywall Sanding is a very dusty and dirty mess so
should be applied from the top down, with please uses goggles and a mask. I find
the sheets hung perpendicular to the it best to use a pole sander with an open
floor joists or studs. Again the rows screened sand paper material specifically
should be staggered. The bottom piece designed for sanding sheetrock/drywall
should sit about ½ inches from the mud.
sub-floor. Lightly sand all of the taped areas,
For purposes of efficiency and strength however concentrate sanding on the outer
it is best to apply the large sheets of edges of the mudded areas such that all
drywall over the doors and window seams and ridges are eliminated and blend
openings and cut out the excess later. into the main surface areas.
This will create stronger/cleaner looking Once sanding is complete, vacuum up the
walls and save significant time. dust and you are ready for priming and
Installing Corner bead painting the walls and texturing the
Once the drywall has been installed, ceilings.




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