Cleaning your handgun

It seems that not everyone understands the(and the chambers), but it must be a very light coat
importance of keeping their handguns clean and wellto keep from increasing the pressures when firing. I
lubricated to insure proper functioning. While this mayhave used the various teflon containing oils (Tri-Flo
have been understandable back in the days when theand Breakfree) down to -20 deg. F when in Alaska.
NRA 2700 was the primary match course, it is notSome prefer to degrease the pistols under these
today. Back then, the pistols were assembled verycircumstances and use graphite lubricant. I never had
tightly and frequent disassembly for cleaning wasa problem with the teflon oils under these cold
thought to decrease accuracy. Perhaps it did. Theyconditions and have never tried the graphite myself.
also allowed "alibis", the quaint custom of allowing youDeleading
to reshoot a string when you had a malfunction. ThisLead bullets are easy on the bore of the pistol or
does not happen in the more modern forms ofrevolver. But, they can leave lead deposits behind.
competition. Neither does it happen in a gunfight. AEven "full metal jacketed" bullets can do this if the
handgun must be kept clean and lubricated if it is tobase is exposed lead as most are. I had a Glock .40
be relied on for self defense.barrel brought to me because of the leading from
The two basic handguns for self defense areFMJ bullets (about 5,000 rounds), when the barrel
revolvers and semi-automatic pistols. They havewas fully cleaned, there was excessive pitting under
differing cleaning requirements. I will deal with thethe leading and the barrel had to be replaced. This is
pistols, then the revolvers.the problem which also is found in revolvers, but to
The pistol should be "field stripped" after being fired.an even greater extent. I have just finished
This, normally, means to remove the barrel and thede-leading a revolver cylinder which showed sufficient
slide from the frame and separate the latter two sopitting in the chamber areas that I would not consider
they may be cleaned individually. I normally field stripit safe to fire.
my pistol and run a wet patch through the bore, thenThere are a number of methods of de-leading that
wire brush it using a rifle brush, if possible (.45 riflehave been recommended over the years. One of the
and .35 rifle brushes are longer and have moreolder ones is to fire several jacketed bullets through
bearing surface). I then run another wet patch,the barrel to clean out the leading. This has a couple
followed by two dry ones, followed by one havingof problems. First, depending on how much lead is
some form of degreaser on it (alcohol, brake cleaner,involved, pressures can be raised significantly. This is
carb cleaner, etc.) The barrel then goes to theparticularly true in the magnum revolvers, but is also
de-leading process if lead bullets have been fired. Thisfound in non-magnum revolvers and pistols. Secondly,
will be covered below. After the barrel is cleaned, ormy tests indicate that what happens is the layer of
while it is being de-leaded, I clean the inside of thelead is spread out, but not fully removed. The clumps
slide and the upper and outer portions of the frame.of lead are removed, leaving a uniform layer spread
This is normally done using wet and dry patches andthrough out the bore. I do not recommend this
Q-tips. Small scrapers may be used to remove someprocedure be used.
of the more heavily caked powder residue such asWire brushing has long been used to reduce leading.
builds up on the breech face. Some prefer to use anIt is not effective. Any wire brush that will remove
old tooth brush. Then, the bore of the barrel is lightlythe leading can also damage the non-leaded surfaces.
oiled (in very humid or salty climates, use RIG lightlyThis is particularly true with stainless steel brushes.
in the bore to prevent rusting) and the same patch isLead removal cloths and patches, such as Wipe
used on the locking lugs of the barrel. The barrel isAway, seem to work, but can be time consuming. So
re-assembled to the slide. One drop of oil goes onis J-B Bore cleaner. But, there is an easy way to
each rail of the frame for lubrication. Too much oilremove lead. One that can be working while you are
can attract dust and dirt. The pistol is re-assembledcleaning the rest of the gun. That is the Outer's Foul
and the slide locked back. The area where the barrelOut system.
is hidden by the slide is then lightly oiled and theThe Outer's Foul Out II is a system I have been
action cycled several times by hand. Any excess oilusing for several years now. I have used it with both
at the rear of the slide and frame is wiped off, thenpistols and revolvers and find it to be as effective as
a silicone cloth is used to wipe down the gun. Once aany system I have used. And much easier. To use it,
month, any pistol carried for self defense should beyou clean and degrease the barrel, put a rubber
stripped fully and detail cleaned. Parts should bestopper (supplied) into the end of the barrel, fill the
inspected for wear or burrs, then very lightly oiledbarrel with Lead Out solution, insert a metal rod
and the pistol re-assembled. In dusty or wet climates,(having rubber O rings to prevent contact with the
you should detail strip the pistol more often. Pistolsbarrel) and attach the machine. It has a light that
which are blued and worn next to the body shouldcomes on when cleaning is taking place and another
be wiped off with a silicone rag each day to preventlight that comes on when the process is finished. I
rusting. ALWAYS UNLOAD A PISTOL BEFOREuse a small vise to hold the barrel or revolver when
WIPING IT DOWN.being cleaned. Some form of stabilization is required
Revolvers are both easier and more difficult to clean.to ensure the part being cleaned does not tip over
Easier because you do not have to disassemble themand spill the solvent out. When clean, you disassemble
for normal cleaning. More difficult because, if leadthe rig, pour out the solvent, remove the stopper
bullets have been used, the cylinder must beand run a clean patch through the bore. It will come
removed from the frame, stripped and de-leaded.out black from the powder fouling that was trapped
You start cleaning by opening the cylinder to makeunder the leading. The rod may have clumps of lead
sure it is unloaded. Then, run a wet patch throughattached in severely leaded bores. This can be wiped
the barrel and each chamber of the cylinder. Run aoff. The thin layer of lead on the rod may be sanded
pistol brush through the barrel and a rifle brushoff gently. After the bore has been cleaned, a thin
through each chamber. Run another wet patchcoat of oil or RIG should be applied.
through the barrel and chambers, and clean the rearWith revolvers, the cylinder should also be cleaned. A
of the barrel and the standing breech (back area ofgreat deal of lead builds up in the front portion of the
the frame behind the cylinder). Again a tooth brushchambers. This is seldom removed properly and, over
may be used to advantage. Then, dry the barrel andtime, rusting can take place under the lead. To clean
chambers, run a slightly oily patch through them andthe cylinder properly requires it be removed from the
wipe down the outside of the revolver with a siliconerevolver, stripped, cleaned with powder solvent,
cloth. Blued steel revolvers should be wiped downdegreased, then each chamber cleaned separately.
daily if worn regularly. UNLOAD A REVOLVERThis can be a time consuming process. On the
BEFORE WIPING IT DOWN.revolver I just cleaned, with years of accumulated
Cleaning solvents and oilsleading, it took a full day to clean some of them.
Almost any good cleaning solvent will work fine forWith two of the chambers, sufficient pitting was
removing powder residue. This includes the manyfound to make me doubt it would be safe to shoot.
"powder solvents" as well as some non-traditionalThe cost of purchasing a new cylinder and fitting it is
ones like brake and carb cleaner. I have used Hoppe'sover half the value of the revolver. Far more
Number 9 for almost 40 years with completeexpensive than a Foul Out II, AC adapter, and regular
satisfaction. I have also used Shooter's Choice, etc.cleaning would be.
and do not have any real preference. Hoppes smellsIn the final analysis, proper cleaning of a self defense
better to me.pistol is an often overlooked requirement. Proper care
Any good quality gun oil will do fine under mostand cleaning will both protect your investment and
circumstances. In certain cases, a light teflon greasemay save your life. Any pistol or revolver used for
may work better on the rails of a pistol. In humid orself defense must be practiced with regularly and
salty climates, Rust Inhibiting Grease (RIG) workskept clean.
better to protect the bore of a pistol or revolver